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The 60-second version
Standard Explanation
The base layer of most cryptocurrencies is : every transaction is permanently public, and the on/off-ramp (a ) links addresses to real identities. Privacy tech exists precisely to push back on this — at the protocol level (privacy coins), the transaction level (CoinJoin, mixers), or the network level (Tor, VPNs). This unit covers the techniques, the tracing countermeasures, and the regulatory response — especially the Tornado Cash case.